Combat agent stats

Bannerlord v1.5.7 · checked 2026-11-12 · updated 2026-11-13

How a battle agent's stats are built from equipment, skills, perks, banners, weather and ships, at full precision for game v1.5.7: movement speed, armor, health and resistances, melee and ranged handling, ammo and shield hit points, effective skill, mount stats, combat AI level, the equip and mount skill requirements and the naval-battle extension. Plain-language versions per skill: Athletics, One Handed, Two Handed, Polearm, Bow, Crossbow, Throwing, Riding, Roguery, Engineering, Medicine, Tactics, Mariner, Shipmaster, Boatswain.

Module overrides. The campaign model is SandBox SandboxAgentStatCalculateModel. NavalDLC NavalAgentStatCalculateModel extends it and is the live model: UpdateAgentStats runs the SandBox chain first, then the naval terms; InitializeMissionEquipmentAfterDeploymentFinished, InitializeAgentStatsAfterDeploymentFinished and GetBreatheHoldMaxDuration are naval extends methods. The getters GetEffectiveSkill, GetEffectiveMaxHealth, GetWeaponDamageMultiplier, GetWeaponInaccuracy, the three resistances, GetInteractionDistance, GetMaxCameraZoom, GetSneakAttackMultiplier, InitializeAgentStats and InitializeMissionEquipment are delegated by the naval model to SandBox unchanged. Mount loss and lameness are SandBox MountAgentLogic. StoryMode and BirthAndDeath change none of these numbers. Custom battles use CustomBattleAgentStatCalculateModel (NavalDLC's NavalCustomBattleAgentStatCalculateModel delegates to it): it hard-codes its skill coefficients instead of reading skill effects and perks. It is outside the campaign catalog; the matching game numbers give its coefficients in their game_numbers.csv notes.

At a glance

Symbols used throughout:

• stage: how a source enters its number. base sets the start value, add adds a flat amount, factor adds to the summed percentage of the game's standard modifier sum, multiply multiplies the running value, override replaces the value.
• standard modifier sum: result = (base + Σadd) · (1 + Σfactor), then clamped.
• Sequential: the stages of the number run one after the other, each (previous) · (1 + Σ factors of that stage).
• effective skill: the agent's skill after captain and party adds (see Effective skill). raw skill: the character's own skill value.
• verdict: works = does what the tooltip says, or more (broader effects are noted); differs = narrower, different or extra conditions/values than the tooltip (the reason is given); unused = never read by the game; ui_only = only shown in the interface.
• skill level: a source that reads the skill value itself, with no skill effect or perk in between; named "Skill level" in the per-skill tables.
• native engine: a driven property that no managed code reads back; the engine's movement, animation or combat AI code consumes it, so its effect in play is not visible in the IL.

Update order

The agent's properties are written by one chain. Later steps read what earlier steps wrote.

Captain and party perks

• Formation captain. Captain halves come from the agent's formation captain. The captain's character is nulled when it is the agent's own character, so a captain never receives his own captain halves. This holds for every captain half in these models.
• Two ways in. Most captain halves go through a shared captain step, which picks the half whose role is Captain. The armor adds of Ignore Pain, Metallurgy and Dauntless Steed read the captain's perk value directly.
• Troop masks. The perk's troop mask is often not enforced; the conditions in the tables are what the code tests (wielded weapon, mount, tier, shield). Mounted or on-foot tests in GetEffectiveSkill check whether the character has a mount, which is equipment-based.
• Shield and no-shield blocks. In SetPerkAndBannerEffectsOnAgent an offhand-shield block and a no-shield block are exclusive: an agent holding an offhand shield runs only the first, any other agent only the second.
  • Offhand-shield block: Arrow Catcher (both halves), Shieldwall secondary, Basher primary (stun).
  • No-shield block: Morning Exercise (both halves), Sprint (both halves), Self Medication secondary, Fleet of Foot secondary, Shield Bearer secondary, Footwork secondary, Reckless Charge secondary, the first Form Fitting Armor secondary stack.
  • Outside both blocks: Loose and Move secondary (ranged block), Decisive Battle, Extended Skirmish, Small Unit Tactics, the second Form Fitting Armor stack, the movement banner.
• Party leader. Party leader halves read the agent's party leader. Deep Quivers secondary and Fletcher secondary null the leader when it is the agent himself; Well Prepared secondary includes the leader.
• Epic perks (the "for every skill point above 200/250" halves) test the character's raw skill, not the effective skill.

Effective skill

agent_effective_skill is the skill value every skill-scaled agent stat reads (weapon speed, damage, accuracy, reload, riding effects, resistances).

effective skill = trunc( skill_value + Σ adds )

• skill_value: the character's own skill level.
• Σ adds: captain and party perk adds for the queried skill, below.
• The result is truncated to an integer.

• Dead Aim, Donkey's Swiftness, Strong Arms and Running Throw have no weapon or troop test: every agent of the formation gets the add whenever that skill is read. Flexible Fighter's "archers" are all ranged troops.
• Counterweight secondary: mounted troops are excluded; the tooltip says all troops.
• Phalanx primary: mounted troops are excluded, not stated in the tooltip. No captain or at-sea test.
• Nimble Steed secondary: only formation troops whose character has a mount; the description says all troops.
• One of the Family: the attribute test is in SandboxAgentStatCalculateModel+<>c.il.

Worked example. A captain's add raises the effective skill the crossbow stats read:

A troop with Crossbow 120 in a formation whose captain (another character) has Donkey's Swiftness. Inputs: skill value 120.

With these inputs, agent effective skill in battle is 150.0000.

Movement

Max speed

agent_max_speed_multiplier is the agent's movement speed multiplier.

S   = 0.7 · (1 + running_speed_effect · athletics)
cap = 0.7 · (1 + running_speed_effect · 300)
W   = agent_weight_speed_penalty · (agent_armor_encumbrance + agent_weapons_encumbrance) / monster_weight
m0  = env_speed_factor · clamp(S − W, 0, cap)
m1  = m0 · (1 + Σ perk and banner factors)
m2  = m1 · (1 − naval_speed_penalty)          naval battle, humans

• athletics: effective Athletics. running_speed_effect: the Athletics skill effect "Running speed increased by", 0.001 per point.
• cap: the same term at skill 300; Athletics above 300 adds no speed.
• monster_weight: Agent.Monster.Weight.
• env_speed_factor: the environment speed factor, ×0.9 in rain (outdoor scene with rain density > 0).
• Perk factors are summed once on m0.

• Athletics speed factor: the clamp to the skill-300 value is not stated in the tooltip.
• Every "no offhand shield" condition comes from the exclusive shield/no-shield blocks; none of these tooltips has a shield condition.
• Morning Exercise, Sprint, Self Medication, Fleet Footed, Fleet of Foot secondary and Shield Bearer secondary write the general maximum speed multiplier, not the combat one, although several tooltips say "combat movement speed".
• Sprint and Fleet Footed test the currently wielded items, not everything equipped as the tooltips say.
• Form Fitting Armor secondary: stacks = (Tier ≥ 3 and no offhand shield ? 1 : 0) + (Tier ≥ 3 and infantry ? 1 : 0). A tier 3+ infantry troop without a shield gets the bonus twice. No on-foot test.
• Nocking Point secondary: mounted archers are excluded.
• Small Unit Tactics: also applies at exactly 15 units (tooltip: less than 15).
• The movement banner applies to every human agent of the formation; the description says infantry.
• The Tactics terrain and formation-size perks sit outside the shield blocks and apply to every agent.

Weight speed penalty

agent_weight_speed_penalty is the coefficient W scales encumbrance by.

agent_weight_speed_penalty = max(0, 0.2 · (1 + weight_penalty_effect · athletics))

• weight_penalty_effect: the Athletics skill effect "Weight penalty reduced by", −0.001 per point of effective Athletics. Verdict works.

Armor encumbrance

agent_armor_encumbrance is the armor weight that slows the agent.

agent_armor_encumbrance = max(0, armor_weight · (1 + Form Fitting Armor primary))

• armor_weight: the total weight of the agent's armor.
• Form Fitting Armor primary: −15%, the agent's own perk, works. Written at spawn and by UpdateHumanStats; not overridden by NavalDLC.

Weapons encumbrance

agent_weapons_encumbrance is the weapon weight that slows the agent.

e = weapons_weight + 4 · √wielded_length · wielded_weight + 1.5 · shield_weight

• weapons_weight: the total weight of the agent's weapons.
• 4 · √wielded_length · wielded_weight: the primary wielded weapon's real length and item weight.
• 1.5 · shield_weight: an offhand item that can block ranged attacks.

• Ranger's Swiftness, Loose and Move: only the wielding surcharge is removed; the bow or crossbow's own weight still counts in weapons_weight. The tooltips say equipped bows/crossbows do not slow you down.

Combat max speed

agent_combat_max_speed_multiplier is the speed cap used in combat.

base = min(1, light + (heavy − light) · min((agent_armor_encumbrance + agent_weapons_encumbrance) / monster_weight, 1))
combat max speed = base · (1 + Σ factors)

• light, heavy: managed parameters 6 and 5.
• Fleet of Foot primary +4%, unconditional, works. Footwork primary +2% with a wielded melee polearm, works.
• Not touched by the naval extension.

Crouched speed

agent_crouched_speed_multiplier starts at 1.0; SetWeaponSkillEffectsOnAgent adds the Roguery skill effect "Crouched speed" (0.0005 per point of effective Roguery) as a factor. Verdict differs: the method runs only with a primary wielded item, so unarmed agents keep 1.0.

Time to reach top speed

agent_top_speed_reach_duration is how long a human agent takes to reach full running speed (native engine).

duration = 2.5 + max(4 − 0.01 · athletics, 1) / 3.5 − min(monster_weight / (monster_weight + agent_armor_encumbrance + agent_weapons_encumbrance), 0.8)

• athletics: effective Athletics. The Athletics term falls from 4/3.5 at 0 to 1/3.5 at 300 and stays there above 300; values per level are in the Athletics table.
• No perk, banner or naval term changes it.

Step size

agent_step_size is handed to the engine when an agent is created (Mission.SpawnAgent, Mission.SpawnTroop), for every agent (native engine).

step size = min(1, 0.8 + 0.2 · athletics · 0.0033333)

• athletics: the character's raw Athletics, not the effective skill. The constant is 0.0033333, so the value stays just under 1 at 300.

Armor

agent_armor_head, agent_armor_torso, agent_armor_arms, agent_armor_legs are the four body-part armor values of a human agent. All four follow one chain.

a0 = armor_sum
a1 = max(0, (a0 + captain_adds) · (1 + own_factor))       written only when an add or factor applied
a2 = max(0, a1 + 5)                                       naval battle; agent Tier ≤ 3; formation captain has Special Arrows
a3 = a2 · (1 + figurehead_effect)                         Boar figurehead registration

• armor_sum: the head, body, arm and leg armor sums of the spawn equipment.
• captain_adds: mounted, Dauntless Steed secondary only; on foot, Ignore Pain secondary only; plus Metallurgy secondary either way.
• own_factor: Ignore Pain primary, on foot.
• Clamp: minimum 0.

• Ignore Pain secondary, Metallurgy, Dauntless Steed: the +5 is added to every body part even when no armor piece is worn there (0 → 5). The tooltips say equipped pieces only.
• The Ignore Pain primary multiplier also scales the captain adds.
• Special Arrows tests the agent's own Tier.

Health and resistances

Max health

agent_max_health is the agent's health limit at spawn.

hero:      character_max_hit_points
non-hero:  base_health_limit + Σ adds

• Hero agents get their character's maximum hit points with no perk terms, and the agent's health limit is written from this method only for non-heroes.

• Well Built differs: hero agents are skipped (they use their own maximum hit points), not stated in the tooltip. Switching off at sea is the half's environment, which the tooltip shows (see Effect environment); the same holds for Unwavering Defense, Hardy Frontline and Thick Hides.
• Hard Knock secondary: any on-foot troop, not only infantry.
• Oxen adds to the health limit and current health after deployment, heroes included.

Resistances

knockback_resistance = 0.15 + 0.001 · athletics
knockdown_resistance = 0.4 + 0.001 · athletics + 0.1 (mounted)   or + 0.15 (on foot, thrust strike)
dismount_resistance  = 0.4 + 0.001 · riding

• athletics, riding: effective skill. The values are the skill effects "Knock back resistance", "Knock down resistance" and "Dismount resistance", returned directly.
• Non-human agents return the maximum float value for all three.
• All sources work.

Melee handling

Swing speed and thrust/ranged ready speed

swing_speed_multiplier and thrust_or_ranged_ready_speed_multiplier are sequential.

s1 = 0.93
s2 = s1 · (1 + speed_effect · skill)                    weapon's relevant skill
s3 = max(0, s2 · (1 + mounted_penalty))       mounted, penalty < 0
s4 = s3 · (1 + Σ perk factors)

• speed_effect: the skill effects One handed weapon speed 0.0007, Two handed weapon speed 0.0006, Polearm weapon speed 0.0006 per point; for thrust/ranged ready also Thrown weapon speed 0.0007. skill: effective skill.
• mounted_penalty: the Riding skill effect "Mounted weapon speed & reload penalty", −0.3 + 0.003 · effective Riding, at most 0.
• Swing: s4 only for a wielded melee weapon. Thrust/ranged ready: s4 for any wielded weapon.

• Swift Swing secondary is not limited to infantry or polearms.

Handling

agent_handling_multiplier is sequential: 1.0, then (1 + Σ perk factors) when the primary wielded item is a melee weapon, then in naval battles (1 + Pirate's Prowess).

• Fury: only with a wielded melee weapon; the tooltip names no weapon type.
• Pirate's Prowess: naval battles only, which matches its naval_only half (Sea only).

Weapon damage multiplier

agent_weapon_damage_multiplier = max(0, 1 + damage_effect · skill)

• damage_effect by the weapon's relevant skill: the skill effects One handed weapon damage 0.0015, Two handed weapon damage 0.0016, Polearm weapon damage 0.0007, Bow Damage 0.0011, Thrown weapon damage 0.0006 per point. skill: effective skill. Only agents that are troops or heroes (not animals) get it. All work.
• Crossbow has no damage skill effect here.

Stun, shield area, sneak attack

Ranged handling

Reload speed

reload_speed is sequential.

r1 = 0.93
r2 = r1 · (1 + 0.0007 · crossbow)                     Crossbow-skill weapon
r3 = max(0, r2 · (1 + mounted_penalty))     mounted, penalty < 0
r4 = r3 · (1 + Σ perk factors)

• crossbow: effective Crossbow skill (Donkey's Swiftness captain add included).
• The naval extension does not change it.

• Rapid Fire secondary: only troops wielding a bow; crossbow and throwing troops get nothing.
• Throwing Quick Draw's "draw speed" is applied to the reload speed (readying the next throwing weapon), not to the thrust/ranged ready speed that Bow Quick Draw uses. Slings are included.

Worked example. Within a stage the game sums that stage's perk factors before multiplying, so this example uses one factor per stage:

An agent on foot wielding a crossbow, effective Crossbow skill 150, with Wind Winder and no captain reload perk. Inputs: skill 150.

With these inputs, agent weapon reload speed multiplier is 1.2846.

With a second perk factor in the last stage (for example a Wind Winder captain), the factors add before multiplying: r4 = r3 · (1 + 0.25 + 0.05).

Reload movement penalty and missile speed

• reload_movement_penalty_factor: 1.0 · (1 + Nocking Point primary −50%). Nocking Point applies to any wielded ranged weapon, so crossbows and throwing weapons get it too (broader than the tooltip); works.
• missile_speed_multiplier: 1.0 · (1 + Σ factors), not touched by the naval extension.

• The wet-weather test reads the main party's map position, not the battle's.
• The wet-weather factor applies only to bows and crossbows; throwing weapons are not slowed by wet weather.

Inaccuracy

weapon_inaccuracy is the wielded weapon's inaccuracy.

i0 = (100 − weapon_accuracy) · E · 0.001                ranged; minimum 0
i1 = max(0, i0 · (1 + 5 − 0.05 · riding))              mounted, when 5 − 0.05 · riding > 0
i2 = i1 · (1 + banner)                                 ranged
i3 = i2 · (1 + naval_inaccuracy_penalty)               naval battle, human, ranged
i4 = i3 · (1 − figurehead_effect)                      Hawk figurehead registration

• E: a standard modifier sum starting at 1, plus the accuracy skill effect at the effective weapon skill: Bow Accuracy −0.0009, Crossbow accuracy −0.0005, Thrown weapon accuracy −0.0006 per point; plus Quick Adjustments secondary −5% (captain, bow).
• Sling: E = max(0.2, 1 − 0.007 · skill) replaces the effect.
• Melee with a wide grip weapon: 1 − 0.01 · skill. Other melee: 0. No wielded weapon: 0.
• riding: effective Riding; the term 5 − 0.05 · riding is applied only when it is > 0, for any wielded weapon.
• banner: decreased ranged accuracy penalty, −0.04 / −0.06 / −0.08.
• Hawk applies to any weapon.
• Thrown weapon accuracy skill effect: differs; slings skip it and use the hard-coded multiplier. All other sources work.

Movement, unsteady and rotational accuracy penalties

Ranged primary weapon only; melee weapons leave these unwritten. w: effective weapon skill. riding: effective Riding. ts: the weapon's thrust speed.

weapon_max_movement_accuracy_penalty:
  p0 = 0.125 · max(0, 1 − w/500)                                on foot
  p0 = 0.025 · max(0, (1 − w/500) · (1 − riding/1800))          mounted
  p1 = p0 · class_factor          Bow 6, Sling 5, other throwing 0.5, Crossbow 2.5
  p2 = p1 · (1 + Σ perk factors)
  p3 = p2 · (1 + naval_movement_accuracy_penalty)               naval battle

weapon_max_unsteady_accuracy_penalty:
  p0 = 0.1 · max(0, 1 − w/500)                                  on foot
  p0 = 0.12 · max(0, (1 − w/500) · (1 − riding/1800))           mounted
  p1 = p0 · class_factor          Bow 4.5 / Lerp(0.75, 2, clamp((ts − 45)/90))
                                  Sling 2.4 · Lerp(2.4, 1.2, clamp((ts − 30)/90))
                                  other throwing 1.5 · Lerp(1.5, 0.8, clamp((ts − 91)/14))
                                  Crossbow 1.2
  p2, p3 as above

weapon_rotational_accuracy_penalty:
  r0 = Bow 0.1, throwing 0.025, Sling 0.2, other ranged 0.1
  r1 = r0 · (1 + Σ perk factors)
  r2 = r1 · (1 + naval_rotational_accuracy_penalty)             naval battle

All work.

Aim timing

weapon_best_accuracy_wait_time:
  Bow 0.3 + (95.75 − ts) · 0.005;  throwing axe, throwing knife and javelin 0.2 + (89 − ts) · 0.009
  Sling 2.6 + (89 − ts) · 0.12;    other ranged (Crossbow) 0.1
  then max(0, (previous) · (1 − mounted_penalty))     mounted, penalty < 0

weapon_unsteady_begin_time:
  Bow 0.6 + w · 0.01 · Lerp(2, 4, clamp((ts − 45)/90)), ×4 when AI-controlled
  throwing 2.5 + w · 0.01;  Sling 3 + w · 0.064;  other ranged 0;  melee wide grip 1 + w · 0.005
  then · (1 + Discipline)

weapon_unsteady_end_time:
  Bow 2 + b;  throwing 10 + b;  Sling 22 + b;  other ranged 0;  melee wide grip 3 + w · 0.01
  then · (1 + Discipline)

• b: the begin time before perk factors; the begin-time Discipline factor does not feed the end time.
• Discipline primary: +50%, bow, works on both times.
• Mounted weapon speed penalty on the wait time: differs. The penalty also lengthens the best-accuracy wait time, which the description does not mention.

Camera zoom

max_camera_zoom = 1 · (1 + one perk factor chosen by the primary wielded weapon's skill): Eagle Eye primary +50% (bow), Long Shots primary +100% (crossbow), Focus primary +25% (throwing). All work.

Combat AI

AI level

agent_ai_level (AgentStatCalculateModel::SetAiRelatedProperties, base model, run for every human agent at the end of UpdateHumanStats; native engine: combat AI). Two levels are built per agent:

level = clamp(skill / 300 · difficulty_factor, 0, 1)

• Melee level: skill = effective skill of the primary weapon's skill when it is One Handed or Polearm; Two Handed counts as One Handed when the agent holds a secondary item, else Two Handed; any other weapon skill counts as One Handed; no primary weapon: Athletics.
• Ranged level: skill = effective skill of the primary weapon's skill; Athletics without a primary weapon.
• difficulty_factor: 0.96 when the combat AI difficulty multiplier is above 0.5, 0.32 when it is above 0 and at most 0.5, 0.1 otherwise. In the campaign the multiplier comes from the combat AI difficulty setting (GetCombatAIDifficultyMultiplier).
• The melee level (plus the agent's defensiveness for the shield terms) sets blocking, parrying, attack-decision, kick, shield-raise and missile-watch properties; the ranged level sets shooting frequency, wait-before-shoot, horseback missile range and the lead and aim error multipliers. 52 AI properties are written in total; the list is in the game_numbers.csv notes.
• The naval extension only adds its shooter error term (naval_ai_shooter_error).

Ammo, equipment and flags

Ammo per slot

missile_ammo_amount, per consumable slot with a relevant skill, human troop and hero agents.

a1 = Round( (item_amount + Round(Σ perk adds)) · (1 + Σ party perk factors) )      spawn
a2 = Round( (a1 + Round(captain add)) · (1 + Σ captain factors) )                  naval battle, after deployment
first ranged-consumable slot = ship_max_amount · (1 + extra_throwing_stack)
first ammo slot              = ship_max_amount · (1 + extra_archer_quivers)

• The last two lines apply after deployment for the first ship the agent is on, outside naval raid battles, and replace a1/a2 for those slots.

• Ship-upgrade overwrite. On a ship with upgrades the first ammo slot and the first ranged-consumable slot are set from the ship's maximum amount after deployment. Every perk ammo bonus above is lost in those slots; this is the shared differs reason for the halves that still apply in naval battles. Deep Quivers secondary, Fletcher, Well Prepared secondary, Saddlebags and Military Planner are land_only: the agent environment is naval in every naval battle, so they give nothing there anyway and stay works.
• Military Planner: not Sally Out or Siege Outside; arrows, bolts and throwing weapons.
• Well Stocked: the holder is the agent's formation (ship) captain, not the party First Mate. Shipwright's Insight secondary also counts non-ranged consumables.

Shield hit points

s1 = Round(item_hit_points · (1 + Scaffolds))                                spawn, every shield slot
first shield slot = ship_max_hit_points · (1 + crew_shield_factor)   naval, after deployment

• Scaffolds secondary: +30%, agent's own perk, differs. On the first ship the agent is on, with the ship's crew shield hit points factor above 1e-5 in size and outside naval raid battles, the first shield slot is overwritten and the Scaffolds bonus is lost there.

Agent flags and interaction distance

• The flags are set once when the agent's stats are initialized; the perk bonus values are not read. The deflection itself happens in the game engine.

Equip skill requirement

can_use_item (CharacterHelper::CanUseItem) is the inventory screen's equip check. An item with a relevant skill (weapons; Riding for horses) is refused when

item_skill < item_difficulty

• item_skill: the character's raw skill in the item's own relevant skill, not the effective skill. Armor has no relevant skill and skips the check.
• Also refused: items flagged not usable by the character's gender, the three dragon banner pieces, and horses that are not rideable.
• Read by the inventory equip slots and transfers (SPInventoryVM::CanCharacterUseItem) and by the item tooltip's skill requirement line.

Mounts

Mount stats are written by UpdateHorseStats; the naval extension does not change non-human agents. "Rider perks" are the rider character's own perks.

Speed

R = (mount_speed_stat + 1) · (1 + Σ factors)      ridden
R = mount_speed_stat + 1                          no rider
mount_speed = env_speed_factor · 0.22 · (1 + R)

• mount_speed_stat: the mount's speed stat with its harness.
• env_speed_factor: ×0.9 in rain and ×0.9 at night, outdoor scenes only; the night term applies to non-human agents only.

Maneuver

mount_maneuver = (mount_maneuver_stat + Way of the Saddle) · (1 + Σ factors)      ridden

• mount_maneuver_stat: the mount's maneuver stat with its harness; no rider keeps the stat.
• Factors: Horse maneuver 0.0004 per point of rider effective Riding; Nimble Steed primary +10%; no harness −0.1.
• Way of the Saddle primary: +0.3 × max(Riding − 250, 0), rider effective Riding.
• All work.

Acceleration

mount_acceleration (DefaultRidingModel::CalculateAcceleration) is written to the mount's TopSpeedReachDuration (native engine). No active module replaces the riding model.

a = 0.008 · mount_maneuver_stat · (0.7 + 0.003 · (riding − 1.5 · mount_difficulty))
mount_acceleration = clamp(a, 0.15, 0.7)

• mount_maneuver_stat: the horse's maneuver stat with its harness (the stat, not mount_maneuver).
• riding: rider effective Riding; 0 without a rider. mount_difficulty: the horse item's difficulty.
• When riding is far below 1.5 × difficulty the factor turns negative and the clamp gives 0.15.

Riding attribute

agent_attribute_riding (native engine: horse control) is written for the rider by UpdateHumanStats.

agent_attribute_riding = riding · mount_attribute_riding

• riding: effective Riding.
• mount_attribute_riding: the mount's own riding attribute, 0.8, or 1.0 with a harness; 1.0 when the agent has no mount at the update.

Mounting

can_mount (Agent::CheckSkillForMounting) decides whether an agent may get on a mount. It is on when the agent can ride (agent flag CanRide) and

riding ≥ mount_difficulty

• riding: effective Riding. mount_difficulty: the horse item's difficulty, stored on the mount agent by UpdateHorseStats.
• Read by the mount action (Agent::Mount), by the "riding skill not adequate" text on the horse, and by CanAgentRideMount of the agent stat model (the naval model delegates).

Armor

mount_armor = (mount_armor_items + Tough Steed secondary) · (1 + Tough Steed primary)      ridden

• mount_armor_items: sum of the mount body armor values over spawn equipment slots 1..11; no rider keeps the sum.
• Tough Steed primary +20% (rider), Tough Steed secondary +10 (rider's captain). Both work.

Max health

mount_max_health = (base_health_limit + Sledges) · (1 + Veterinary primary + Veterinary secondary)

• Sledges secondary: +15, rider's party leader. Veterinary primary: +20%, rider. Veterinary secondary: +10%, rider's party leader, every rider's mount in the party, heroes included. No rider: base only. All work.

Worked example.

A ridden horse with base health 100; the rider has Veterinary and the rider's party leader has Sledges and Veterinary. Inputs: base health 100.

With these inputs, mount max health at spawn is 149.5000.

Mount loss and lameness

When the main hero's mount is removed with state Killed, MountAgentLogic makes one random roll r.

death chance = 0.05 · (1 + Well Strapped)
lame chance  = 0.2  · (1 + Well Strapped)
lost  if r < death chance, or the horse already has the lame_horse modifier
lame  if not lost and r < lame chance

• Well Strapped primary: −50%, so 0.025 and 0.1. Verdict differs: main hero only; other heroes with the perk get nothing.
• Lost removes horse and harness; the harness returns to the party roster. The effective lame window is lame chance − death chance.

Naval battles

UpdateNavalHumanStats runs only from UpdateAgentStats in naval battles for human agents. Each penalty is a standard modifier sum with a minimum of 0.

• Penalty Negation: heroes use effective Mariner. Non-hero troops that are Mariners use skill 200 (effect −1, penalty 0). Other troops get none.
• Rolling Thunder does not reduce the rotational, inaccuracy or external-acceleration penalties.
• Wind Rider: both halves stack as factors; −1.0 total gives penalty 0.

Worked example.

A hero in a naval battle with Mariner 50 and Wind Rider. Inputs: skill 50.

With these inputs, naval deck movement speed penalty is 0.0500.

Breath hold

breath_hold_max_duration = (base_duration + M − 10 if body armor > 10) · (1 + Old Salt's Touch)      humans

• base_duration: the base model's value (SandBox returns its argument unchanged).
• M: the Mariner underwater breathing duration skill effect on a standard modifier sum with base 0. Verdict differs: the effect is a percentage factor on 0, so M is always 0; the tooltip promises extra seconds.
• Body armor test: GetBaseArmorEffectivenessForBodyPart(2) > 10 subtracts 10 s.
• Old Salt's Touch secondary: +30%, captain, naval battles only, works.
• Non-human agents: 1e9.

Figureheads

figurehead_agent_bonus is the figurehead effect applied to an agent after deployment (figurehead_effect = the figurehead's effect amount), when the battle has ships.

• Commodore: each army member party spreads its own flagship's figurehead to its own troops, not the commander's flagship to all allied ships; parties outside an army get nothing.
• Saber-tooth tiger is inert: the penetration properties are read only by SandboxStrikeMagnitudeModel::CalculateAdjustedArmorForBlow, and the live NavalStrikeMagnitudeModel recomputes that path without penetration.
• Siren is applied in UpdateAgentStats, not through ApplyFigureheadBonuses.

Game code

• SandBox.GameComponents.SandboxAgentStatCalculateModel.il: InitializeAgentStats, InitializeMissionEquipment, UpdateHumanStats, SetWeaponSkillEffectsOnAgent, SetMountedPenaltiesOnAgent, SetPerkAndBannerEffectsOnAgent, UpdateHorseStats, GetEffectiveSkill, GetEffectiveMaxHealth, GetEffectiveArmorEncumbrance, GetWeaponDamageMultiplier, GetWeaponInaccuracy, GetEnvironmentSpeedFactor, the resistances, GetInteractionDistance, GetMaxCameraZoom, GetSneakAttackMultiplier.
• SandBox.GameComponents.SandboxAgentStatCalculateModel+<>c.il: the One of the Family attribute test.
• NavalDLC.GameComponents.NavalAgentStatCalculateModel.il: UpdateAgentStats, UpdateNavalHumanStats, SetNavalPerksAndEffectsOnAgent, InitializeAgentStatsAfterDeploymentFinished, ApplyFigureheadBonuses, InitializeMissionEquipmentAfterDeploymentFinished, GetBreatheHoldMaxDuration.
• SandBox.Missions.MissionLogics.MountAgentLogic.il: OnAgentRemoved.
• TaleWorlds.MountAndBlade.AgentStatCalculateModel.il: GetInteractionDistance (base 1.5), SetAiRelatedProperties, CalculateAILevel, GetMeleeSkill.
• TaleWorlds.Core.DefaultRidingModel.il: CalculateAcceleration.
• TaleWorlds.MountAndBlade.Agent.il: CheckSkillForMounting, Mount, GetInfoTextForBeingNotInteractable.
• TaleWorlds.Core.BasicCharacterObject.il: GetStepSize; TaleWorlds.MountAndBlade.Mission.il: SpawnAgent, SpawnTroop.
• Helpers.CharacterHelper.il: CanUseItem.
• TaleWorlds.MountAndBlade.CustomBattleAgentStatCalculateModel.il, NavalDLC.ComponentInterfaces.NavalCustomBattleAgentStatCalculateModel.il: the custom battle models.

Changelog

• v1.5.7 (2026-11-12): Re-verified against v1.5.7 IL: the at-sea skips in max health and One of the Family are replaced by the perk effect environment; Minister of Health is no longer truncated; Shipwright's Insight secondary is a Captain half.
• v1.4.8 (2026-11-11): Raw skill reads added (time to reach top speed, step size, riding attribute, mounting, mount acceleration, combat AI level, equip requirement); custom battle model noted.
• v1.4.8 (2026-11-11): First version from IL.